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A comparison between Deuterium D2 Lamps, Tungsten Lamps (tungsten/halogen/visible) and Xenon lamps (short arc) — focusing on how they differ in operation, spectral output, typical uses and performance (especially in spectroscopy and analytical instruments).

An optogalvanic lamp is a specialised see through hollow cathode discharge lamp designed to utilise the optogalvanic effect — the change in electrical properties (current/voltage) of a gas discharge when resonant light interacts with atoms in the plasma. This effect enables precise detection of atomic transitions and is widely used for laser wavelength calibration, laser frequency stabilisation, and optogalvanic spectroscopy.